Polyamide, izwi kandi nka nylon, ikoreshwa cyane cyane muri fibre synthique.Akarusho keza cyane ni uko imyambarire yayo iruta iyindi fibre yose.Kwambara kwayo biruta inshuro 10 kurenza ipamba ninshuro 20 kurenza ubwoya.Ongeramo fibre polyamide mumyenda ivanze irashobora kunoza cyane imyambarire.Iyo umwenda wa polyamide urambuye kuri 3-6%, igipimo cyacyo cyo gukira gishobora kugera 100%.Irashobora kwihanganira ibihumbi icumi byimiterere itavunitse.Imbaraga za fibre polyamide iruta inshuro 1-2 kurenza ipamba, inshuro 4-5 kurenza ubwoya naho inshuro 3 kurenza fibre.Nyamara, kurwanya ubushyuhe no kurwanya urumuri rwa fibre polyamide birakennye, kandi kugumana ntabwo ari byiza, kubwibyo imyenda ikozwe muri fibre polyamide ntabwo iba yoroheje nka polyester.Fibre nshya ya polyamide ifite ibiranga uburemere bworoshye, kurwanya iminkanyari nziza, guhumeka neza kwikirere, kuramba neza, gusiga irangi hamwe nubushyuhe, bityo rero bifatwa nkibyiringiro byiterambere.
Fibre polyamide nubwoko bwambere bwa syntetique fibre mubikorwa byinganda.Nibintu bya aliphatic polyamide fibre.Nilon yarn ifite umusaruro mwinshi kandi mugari.Nibikoresho nyamukuru bya fibre nyuma ya polyester.Nylon ahanini ni filament, hamwe na fibre nkeya ya nylon.Nylon filament ikoreshwa cyane mugukora silk ikomeye, amasogisi, imyenda y'imbere, amashati nibindi.Nylon staple fibre ivangwa cyane cyane na fibre ya viscose, ipamba, ubwoya nizindi fibre synthique, kandi ikoreshwa nkigitambara.Nylon irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nk'umugozi w'ipine, parasute, urushundura, umugozi n'umukandara wa convoyeur mu nganda.
Nylon yarnis izina ryubucuruzi bwa fibre polyamide.Imiterere yibanze ya nylon ifitanye isano cyane no kurambura no kuvura ubushyuhe murwego rwo kuzunguruka.Nylon yagoramye imyenda ni filament yintambara, kandi hariho na fibre ya nylon staple fibre.Nylon yagoramye irakwiriye kuboha no kuboha, bitwikiriye imirima yose.
Ibintu nyamukuru byumubiri nubumara bya nylon (nylon yarn twisting) nibi bikurikira:
1. Ifishi
Indege ndende ya nylon iragororotse kandi yoroshye, kandi igice cyayo cyambukiranya.Nylon irwanya alkali kandi irwanya aside.Muri acide organique, amide ihuza kuri nylon macromolecule izacika.
2. Hygroscopicity na Dyeability
Hygroscopicity ya nylon yarnis nziza muri fibre isanzwe.Mubihe rusange byikirere, ubushuhe bugaruka hafi 4.5%.Mubyongeyeho, irangi rya nylon yarnis nayo nziza.Irashobora gusiga irangi irangi, gusasa amarangi nandi marangi.
3. Kurambura gukomeye no kwambara Kurwanya
Nylon yarnhas imbaraga nyinshi, kurambura binini hamwe na elastique nziza.Imbaraga zayo zimena ni 42 ~ 56 cn / tex, kandi kurambura kuruhuka bigera kuri 25% ~ 65%.Kubwibyo, nylon ifite imbaraga zo kwambara kandi ikaza kumwanya wa mbere mumyenda isanzwe.Nibikoresho byiza byo gukora ibicuruzwa bidashobora kwambara.Nyamara, modulus yambere ya nylon ni nto, kandi biroroshye guhindura, imyenda yayo rero ntabwo ikomeye.
4. Kurwanya Umucyo no Kurwanya Ubushyuhe
Kuberako amatsinda ya terefone ya nylon macromolecules yumva urumuri nubushyuhe, nylon yarnis byoroshye guhinduka umuhondo no gucika.Kubwibyo, nylon yarnhas idahwitse yumucyo nubushyuhe, kandi ntabwo ikwiriye gukora imyenda yo hanze.Byongeye kandi, nylon irwanya ruswa, bityo irashobora kwirinda indwara nudukoko.
Nylon yarncan ikomeze ihindagurika iyo ishyushye.Filament irashobora gukorwa mubudodo bworoshye, kandi fibre fibre irashobora kuvangwa na pamba na fibre acrylic kugirango yongere imbaraga kandi byoroshye.Usibye gukoreshwa mumyenda y'imbere n'imitako, ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa nkumugozi, imikandara, imiyoboro, imigozi, inshundura, amapine, parasite nibindi.Kurwanya kwayo kwikubye inshuro 10 za fibre, inshuro 10 za fibre yumye ya viscose hamwe ninshuro 140 ya fibre itose.Ifite igihe kirekire.
Hygroscopicity yimyenda ya nylon nibyiza mumyenda ya fibre synthique, bityo imyenda ikozwe mumyenda ya nylon yorohewe no kwambara kuruta imyenda ya polyester.Ifite inyenzi nziza kandi irwanya ruswa.Ubushyuhe bw'icyuma bugomba kugenzurwa munsi ya dogere selisiyusi 140.Witondere uburyo bwo gukaraba no kubungabunga mugihe cyo kwambara no gukoresha, kugirango utangiza imyenda.Mu myenda ya fibre synthique, iri inyuma ya polypropilene na acrylic.
Imyenda ya Nylon irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu: kuzunguruka neza, kuvanga no guhuzagurika.
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi muri buri cyiciro, bwatangijwe muri make hepfo:
1. Imyenda yera ya Nylon
Ubwoko bwose bwimyenda ikozwe muri nylon, nka nylon taffeta, nylon crepe, nibindi, bikozwe muri nylon filament, kubwibyo bifite ibimenyetso biranga ibyiyumvo byoroshye, gukomera, kuramba hamwe nigiciro giciriritse.Bafite kandi ibibi ko imyenda yoroshye kubyimba kandi bigoye gukira.Nylon taffeta ikoreshwa cyane kumyenda yoroheje, ikoti yo hasi cyangwa umwenda wimvura, mugihe nylon crepe ikwiriye kwambara impeshyi, amashati nimpeshyi yimyenda ibiri, nibindi.
2. Imyenda ya Nylon ivanze kandi ihujwe
Umwenda wabonetse muguhuza cyangwa guhuza nylon filament cyangwa fibre fibre hamwe nibindi fibre bifite ibiranga nibyiza bya buri fibre.Nka viscose / nylon gabardine, ikozwe muguhuza 15% nylon na 85% viscose, ifite ibiranga ubucucike bwikubye kabiri kuruta ubudodo bwa weft, ubwinshi bwimyenda, gukomera no kuramba.Ibibi ni elastique idahwitse, byoroshye kubyimba, imbaraga nkeya kandi byoroshye kugabanuka iyo wambaye.Mubyongeyeho, hari kandi imyenda isanzwe, nka viscose / nylon valine na viscose / nylon / ubwoya bwa tweed.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-21-2022